A candle can be made in a shell to hold the oil or rendered lard from an animal. Using the porous stock of a plant or a piece of cloth you can create a wick. This makes a great light for in your shelter.
Choose a log without cracks in it. Build a fire on the log. As the fire burns add more wood until you have a nice pile of embers. Using a straw or a hollow reed, you can bow at the base of the fire and direct the heat to specific areas.
You can determine a north/ south line by using an analog watch (one with hands). Hold the watch horizontal and point the hour hand at the sun. Bisect the angle between the hour hand and 12 o'clock to get the north south line.
Easy description on how to mak a Survival Lantern Cut a slit about an inch from the top and an inch from the bottom. Make the cut about half way around the can.
The basic survival kit is of utmost importance if you do any hiking, camping, hunting or fishing. It may seem unimportant if you are just going for a hike, but you could get lost and those few ounces of weigh could keep you alive and even comfortable until help arrives.
A great torch can be made from Cattails. The head of a cattail is soaked in oil or rendered lard. Once it is saturated it can be used as a torch. If it is fully saturated it will burn up to 8 hours. This is a great light for in your camp.
If you encounter a black bear it will either react in an offensive manner or a defensive manner.
If it reacts in an offensive manner move aside and give the bear the right of way.
